Abstract:
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of sensor nodes that are densely
deployed in a region of interest to collect data about a target or event, and to provide a variety
of sensing and monitoring applications. Efficient design and implementation of wireless
sensor networks has become a hot area of research in recent years, due to the vast potential
of sensor networks to enable applications that connect the physical world to the virtual
world.
There are many characteristics which differ wireless network from wired network and these
distinctions introduce the need for many different protocols of WSN at different layers i.e.
Physical layer, Data Link layer, Network layer, Transport layer, Application layer. Many
research works have been done on the design of low power electronic devices in order to reduce energy consumption of the sensor nodes of Wireless network. MAC protocol of
Data Link layer; LEACH, DSDV, AODV, DSR of Network Layer and the standard IEEE
802.15.4 contribute to this factor in various ways. The uses, drawbacks, performance analysis and also comparison between separate MAC protocols as well as comparison between DSDV, AODV and DSR protocols are discussed in detail throughout this paper.
